Object-c字符串与数组

因为用到这个,所以啃书学习了一下,为了总结也为了以后查询,故写如下:


给下面一个这样的字符串去处理让人好头大,在java里的处理貌似很简单, ArrayList<String>貌似就解决的差不多了
NSString *str=@"0000##17#4#32@?????????????@002@@2010-03-16 11:25:24.834259*31@??????????????@002@@2009-12-15 15:51:57.203038*30@?????????????? ??????@002@@2009-12-12 22:04:52.985329*29@?????917????6? 11????1660@002@@2009-12-12 22:02:31.859998*28@?????????????????700??@002@@2009-12-12 22:00:26.393976*#";

1
//创建字符串对象数组
 NSArray *array = [str componentsSeparatedByString:@"@"];//就是以@为标示 输出看看啦
 
 int count=[array count];
 int i;
 for(i=0;i<count;i=i+4)
 {
  printf("%i:  %s\n",i,[[array objectAtIndex:i] UTF8String]);
 }

2  可变的字符串类
 NSMutableString *song=[[NSMutableString alloc] init];
 [song appendString:@"Deaf Leppard"];
 printf("%s\n",[song UTF8String]);
 
 NSRange range=[song rangeOfString:@"Deaf"];//获取字符串"Deaf"字串的范围
 [song replaceCharactersInRange:range withString:@"Def"];//替换 
 printf("%s\n",[song UTF8String]);
 
 [song insertString:@"Animal by " atIndex:0];
 printf("%s\n",[song UTF8String]);
 
 [song release];
 
3
字典加数组操作
 NSArray *keys=[@"one two three" componentsSeparatedByString:@" "];
 NSArray *value=[@"two bravo a" componentsSeparatedByString:@" "];
 NSDictionary *dic=[[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjects:value forKeys:keys];
 printf("%s\n",[[dic description] UTF8String]);


/*******************************************************************************************
     NSString
     *******************************************************************************************/
    //一、NSString    
    /*----------------创建字符串的方法----------------*/
 
    //1、创建常量字符串。
    NSString *astring = @"This is a String!";
 
 
    //2、创建空字符串，给予赋值。
 
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init];
    astring = @"This is a String!";
    [astring release];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
 
 
 
    //3、在以上方法中，提升速度:initWithString方法
 
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    [astring release];
 
 
 
    //4、用标准c创建字符串:initWithCString方法
 
    char *Cstring = "This is a String!";
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithCString:Cstring];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    [astring release];
 
 
 
    //5、创建格式化字符串:占位符（由一个%加一个字符组成）
 
    int i = 1;
    int j = 2;
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.This is %i string!",i,j]];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    [astring release];
 
 
 
    //6、创建临时字符串
 
    NSString *astring;
    astring = [NSString stringWithCString:"This is a temporary string"];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
 
 
 
 
    /*----------------从文件读取字符串:initWithContentsOfFile方法----------------*/    
 
    NSString *path = @"astring.text";
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    [astring release];
 
 
    /*----------------写字符串到文件:writeToFile方法----------------*/    
 
 
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    NSString *path = @"astring.text";    
    [astring writeToFile: path atomically: YES];
    [astring release];    
 
 
 
 
    /*----------------比较两个字符串----------------*/        
 
    //用C比较:strcmp函数
 
    char string1[] = "string!";
    char string2[] = "string!";
    if(strcmp(string1, string2) = = 0)
    {
        NSLog(@"1");
    }
 
 
 
    //isEqualToString方法    
    NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
    BOOL result = [astring01 isEqualToString:astring02];
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);
 
 
 
 
    //compare方法(comparer返回的三种值)    
    NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";    
    BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;    
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);    
    //NSOrderedSame判断两者内容是否相同
 
 
 
 
    NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"this is a String!";
    BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedAscending;    
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);
    //NSOrderedAscending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02大于astring01为真)
 
 
 
    NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
    BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedDescending;    
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);     
    //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)
 
 
 
    //不考虑大小写比较字符串1
    NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
    BOOL result = [astring01 caseInsensitiveCompare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;    
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);     
    //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)
 
 
 
    //不考虑大小写比较字符串2
    NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
    BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02
                            options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] = = NSOrderedSame;    
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);     
 
    //NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写比较 NSLiteralSearch:进行完全比较，区分大小写 NSNumericSearch:比较字符串的字符个数，而不是字符值。
 
 
    /*----------------改变字符串的大小写----------------*/    
 
    NSString *string1 = @"A String"; 
    NSString *string2 = @"String"; 
    NSLog(@"string1:%@",[string1 uppercaseString]);//大写
    NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 lowercaseString]);//小写
    NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 capitalizedString]);//首字母大小
 
 
    /*----------------在串中搜索子串----------------*/        
 
    NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
    NSString *string2 = @"string";
    NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];
    int location = range.location;
    int leight = range.length;
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%i,Leight:%i",location,leight]];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    [astring release];
 
 
    /*----------------抽取子串 ----------------*/        
 
    //-substringToIndex: 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符
    NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
    NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];
    NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);
 
 
 
 
    //-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置开始（包括指定位置的字符），并包括之后的全部字符
    NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
    NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];
    NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);
 
 
 
 
    //-substringWithRange: //按照所给出的位置，长度，任意地从字符串中截取子串
    NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
    NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];
    NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);
 
 
    //扩展路径
 
    NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";
    NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath];
    NSLog(@"absolutePath:%@",absolutePath);
    NSLog(@"Path:%@",[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);
 
 
 
    //文件扩展名
    NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";
    NSLog(@"Extension:%@",[Path pathExtension]);
 
 
 
 
    /*******************************************************************************************
     NSMutableString
     *******************************************************************************************/    
 
    /*---------------给字符串分配容量----------------*/
    //stringWithCapacity:
    NSMutableString *String;
    String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40];
 
 
    /*---------------在已有字符串后面添加字符----------------*/    
 
    //appendString: and appendFormat:
 
    NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
    //[String1 appendString:@", I will be adding some character"];
    [String1 appendFormat:[NSString stringWithFormat:@", I will be adding some character"]];
    NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
    */
 
 
    /*--------在已有字符串中按照所给出范围和长度删除字符------*/    
    /*
     //deleteCharactersInRange:
     NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
     [String1 deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 5)];
     NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
 
 
 
     /*--------在已有字符串后面在所指定的位置中插入给出的字符串------*/
 
    //-insertString: atIndex:
    NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
    [String1 insertString:@"Hi! " atIndex:0];
    NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
 
 
 
    /*--------将已有的空符串换成其它的字符串------*/
 
    //-setString:
    NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
    [String1 setString:@"Hello Word!"];
    NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
 
 
 
    /*--------按照所给出的范围，和字符串替换的原有的字符------*/
 
    //-setString:
    NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
    [String1 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"That"];
    NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
 
 
 
    /*-------------判断字符串内是否还包含别的字符串(前缀，后缀)-------------*/
    //01：检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头- (BOOL) hasPrefix: (NSString *) aString;
    NSString *String1 = @"NSStringInformation.txt";
    [String1 hasPrefix:@"NSString"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");
    [String1 hasSuffix:@".txt"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");
 
    //02：查找字符串某处是否包含其它字符串 - (NSRange) rangeOfString: (NSString *) aString，这一点前面在串中搜索子串用到过;
 
 
 
    /*******************************************************************************************
     NSArray
     *******************************************************************************************/
 
    /*---------------------------创建数组------------------------------*/
    NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:
    @"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];
 
    self.dataArray = array;
    [array release];
 
    //- (unsigned) Count;数组所包含对象个数；
    NSLog(@"self.dataArray cound:%d",[self.dataArray count]);
 
    //- (id) objectAtIndex: (unsigned int) index;获取指定索引处的对象;
    NSLog(@"self.dataArray cound 2:%@",[self.dataArray objectAtIndex:2]);
 
 
    /*--------------------------从一个数组拷贝数据到另一数组(可变数级)----------------------------*/    
 
    //arrayWithArray:
    NSArray *array1 = [[NSArray alloc] init];
    NSMutableArray *MutableArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                      @"a",@"b",@"c",nil];
    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
    MutableArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:array];
    NSLog(@"MutableArray:%@",MutableArray);
 
    array1 = [NSArray arrayWithArray:array];
    NSLog(@"array1:%@",array1);
 
 
    //Copy
 
    //id obj;
    NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                         @"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];
 
    NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);
    for(int i = 0; i < [oldArray count]; i++)
    {        
        obj = [[oldArray objectAtIndex:i] copy];
        [newArray addObject: obj];
    }
    //     
    NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
    [newArray release];
 
 
    //快速枚举
 
    //NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                         @"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];    
    NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);
 
    for(id obj in oldArray)
    {
        [newArray addObject: obj];
    }
    //     
    NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
    [newArray release];    
 
 
    //Deep copy
 
    NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                         @"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];    
    NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);    
    newArray = (NSMutableArray*)CFPropertyListCreateDeepCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, (CFPropertyListRef)oldArray, kCFPropertyListMutableContainers);
    NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
    [newArray release];    
 
 
    //Copy and sort
 
    NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                         @"b",@"a",@"e",@"d",@"c",@"f",@"h",@"g",nil];    
    NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);
    NSEnumerator *enumerator;
    enumerator = [oldArray objectEnumerator];
    id obj;
    while(obj = [enumerator nextObject])
    {
        [newArray addObject: obj];
    }
    [newArray sortUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
    NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
    [newArray release];
 
 
 
    /*---------------------------切分数组------------------------------*/
 
    //从字符串分割到数组－ componentsSeparatedByString:
    NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"One,Two,Three,Four"];
    NSLog(@"string:%@",string);    
    NSArray *array = [string componentsSeparatedByString:@","];
    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
    [string release];
 
 
    //从数组合并元素到字符串- componentsJoinedByString:
    NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];
    NSString *string = [array componentsJoinedByString:@","];
    NSLog(@"string:%@",string);
 
 
 
    /*******************************************************************************************
     NSMutableArray
     *******************************************************************************************/
    /*---------------给数组分配容量----------------*/
    NSArray *array;
    array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:20];
 
 
 
    /*--------------在数组末尾添加对象----------------*/
    //- (void) addObject: (id) anObject;
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
    @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
    [array addObject:@"Four"];
    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
 
 
 
    /*--------------删除数组中指定索引处对象----------------*/    
    //-(void) removeObjectAtIndex: (unsigned) index;    
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
    @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
    [array removeObjectAtIndex:1];
    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
 
 
 
    /*-------------数组枚举---------------*/    
    //- (NSEnumerator *)objectEnumerator;从前向后
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
    @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
    NSEnumerator *enumerator;
    enumerator = [array objectEnumerator];
 
    id thingie;
    while (thingie = [enumerator nextObject]) {
        NSLog(@"thingie:%@",thingie);
    }
 
 
    //- (NSEnumerator *)reverseObjectEnumerator;从后向前
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
    @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
    NSEnumerator *enumerator;
    enumerator = [array reverseObjectEnumerator];
 
    id object;
    while (object = [enumerator nextObject]) {
        NSLog(@"object:%@",object);
    }
 
 
    //快速枚举
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
    @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
    for(NSString *string in array)
    {
        NSLog(@"string:%@",string);
    }
 
 
 
    /*******************************************************************************************
     NSDictionary
     *******************************************************************************************/
 
    /*------------------------------------创建字典------------------------------------*/
    //- (id) initWithObjectsAndKeys;
 
    NSDictionary *dictionary = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:@"One",@"1",@"Two",@"2",@"Three",@"3",nil];
    NSString *string = [dictionary objectForKey:@"One"];
    NSLog(@"string:%@",string);
    NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);
    [dictionary release];
 
 
    /*******************************************************************************************
     NSMutableDictionary
     *******************************************************************************************/
 
    /*------------------------------------创建可变字典------------------------------------*/    
    //创建
    NSMutableDictionary *dictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
 
    //添加字典
    [dictionary setObject:@"One" forKey:@"1"];
    [dictionary setObject:@"Two" forKey:@"2"];
    [dictionary setObject:@"Three" forKey:@"3"];
    [dictionary setObject:@"Four" forKey:@"4"];
    NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);
 
    //删除指定的字典
    [dictionary removeObjectForKey:@"3"];
    NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);
 
 
    /*******************************************************************************************
     NSValue（对任何对象进行包装）
     *******************************************************************************************/
 
    /*--------------------------------将NSRect放入NSArray中------------------------------------*/    
    //将NSRect放入NSArray中
    NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSValue *value;
    CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480);    
    value = [NSValue valueWithBytes:&rect objCType:@encode(CGRect)];
    [array addObject:value];
    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
 
    //从Array中提取
    value = [array objectAtIndex:0];
    [value getValue:&rect];
    NSLog(@"value:%@",value);
 
 
    /*******************************************************************************************
     从目录搜索扩展名为jpg的文件
     *******************************************************************************************/
 
    NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSString *home;
    home = @"../Users/";
 
    NSDirectoryEnumerator *direnum;
    direnum = [fileManager enumeratorAtPath: home];
 
    NSMutableArray *files = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
 
    //枚举
    NSString *filename;
    while (filename = [direnum nextObject]) {
        if([[filename pathExtension] hasSuffix:@"jpg"]){
            [files addObject:filename];
        }
    }
 
    //快速枚举
    //for(NSString *filename in direnum)
    //{
    //    if([[filename pathExtension] isEqualToString:@"jpg"]){
    //        [files addObject:filename];
    //    }
    //}
    NSLog(@"files:%@",files);
 
    //枚举
    NSEnumerator *filenum;
    filenum = [files objectEnumerator];
    while (filename = [filenum nextObject]) {
        NSLog(@"filename:%@",filename);
    }
 
    //快速枚举
    //for(id object in files)
    //{
    //    NSLog(@"object:%@",object);
    //}